Semiconductor. how did other countries become #1 and not USA?

its no secret that in the current world of technology, semis rule the world.

i am currently watching a tv show and it slightly mentions that “semis are the future of this world”.

so i am actually curious.

1. how did countries like south korea, taiwan, and other countries that has the technology for semis (i.e. ASML for example. I dont know any other) become the leaders in this field? Which none of are in the USA?

2. exactly what does Samsung do in the semi industry that makes/made them a power house?

3. what cause the USA to not be a leading juggernaut in this field?